Music, hoodies, and beer: Inside the battle tearing golf apart

Golf has experienced a remarkable increase in participation across the United States, with nearly 50 million Americans engaging in the sport by 2025, marking a 41% rise since 2019. This influx includes a broader demographic, embracing younger players and those drawn in by the game's evolving social and recreational appeal. However, this expansion has intensified ongoing debates about the culture and customs that define golf.

Veteran golfers accustomed to established norms find themselves at odds with newcomers whose approach to the game often diverges from traditional expectations. Issues such as slower pace, casual attire including hoodies and sneakers, and the presence of music on the course have become flashpoints in discussions about what constitutes appropriate golf etiquette. These differences reflect a deeper tension between preserving long-held traditions and adapting to a more inclusive and relaxed golfing environment.

The pandemic played a pivotal role in this dynamic by positioning golf as a safe, outdoor activity conducive to social distancing. Concurrently, entertainment venues combining golf with social elements, such as driving range bars, attracted individuals who previously had limited exposure to the sport. This trend was amplified by digital platforms like YouTube, where channels focused on approachable and humorous golf content have garnered audiences rivaling professional tour broadcasts.

Despite the growth, some established players voice frustrations over behaviors that they believe detract from the game's integrity. Complaints often center on slow play, disregard for course maintenance, and breaches of etiquette such as unapproved second attempts (mulligans) and consumption of alcoholic beverages during play. These grievances underscore the challenge of integrating new participants who may be unfamiliar with golf’s unwritten rules.

Conversely, many newcomers view resistance from traditionalists as a form of elitism that undermines efforts to diversify and expand the sport. They argue that rigid dress codes and strict adherence to outdated practices discourage broader participation and reinforce exclusionary barriers. For example, younger golfers often prefer comfortable, casual clothing that contrasts with the collared shirts and tucked-in polos favored at many private clubs.

Efforts to bridge these divides are emerging through initiatives aimed at fostering inclusivity and cultural connection within golf. Organizations like Kinfolk Social Club, founded by a group of Black golfers in New York City, emphasize respect for golf’s history while encouraging community-building and accessibility. They acknowledge the importance of pace and etiquette but challenge the notion that tradition must come at the expense of welcoming new players.

The debate over music on the course encapsulates the broader cultural clash. While some players appreciate background tunes as part of the social experience, others view it as a distraction from the game’s contemplative nature. Club policies on this issue vary widely, reflecting the lack of consensus across the sport.

Moreover, the increased use of golf carts, careless course maintenance, and littering have raised concerns among long-standing members and staff, highlighting the tension between preserving course conditions and accommodating a larger, more diverse player base. Prominent professionals have publicly commented on these challenges, emphasizing the need for greater responsibility among all golfers.

Despite these frictions, golf continues to draw participants motivated by enjoyment and community. Newcomers frequently report facing subtle biases or skepticism but often respond by demonstrating commitment and skill development. Many express a desire to balance respect for tradition with a more relaxed and inclusive environment that reflects the sport’s evolving identity.

As golf navigates this period of transformation, the core issue remains finding equilibrium between honoring the game’s heritage and embracing the changing demographics and cultural expressions of its growing audience. This balance is critical to ensuring golf’s continued relevance and appeal in an increasingly diverse sporting landscape.